hive动态分区概念:允许插入数据到分区表时,根据插入的数据内容自动创建相应的分区

1.启用动态分区功能
hive.exec.dynamic.partition=true;

2.分区字段设置
在insert语句中, 动态分区的字段必须放在select语句的末尾,hive会根据这个字段的值来创建分区目录

示例:

--创建分区表:
create table test (
id string
,name string
)
partitioned by (dt string)
row format delimited
fields terminated by '|'
lines terminated by '\n'
;

--动态插入数据:
set hive.exec.dynamic.partition=true;
insert into test
select '1' as id, 'one' as name, '20200921' as dt
union all
select '2' as id, 'two' as name, '20200922' as dt
union all
select '3' as id, 'three' as name, '20200923' as dt

--查看最终效果:
select * from test;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| test.id  | test.name  |  test.dt  |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 1        | one        | 20200921  |
| 2        | two        | 20200922  |
| 3        | three      | 20200923  |
+----------+------------+-----------+
3 rows selected (0.618 seconds)

show partitions test;
+--------------+
|  partition   |
+--------------+
| dt=20200921  |
| dt=20200922  |
| dt=20200923  |
+--------------+
3 rows selected (0.436 seconds)