树莓派Raspberry Pi Linux ssh免密登录(SCP免密传输文件)及配置host简化命令

---

如需转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/itas109
技术交流：129518033

环境：

客户端1: Windows 10 (git客户端)
客户端2: Ubuntu 20.04
服务端: 树莓派3B+(Debian 8.0) 用户名pi, ip:192.168.1.100

1. 免密登录

1.1 ssh-genkey工具生成免密登录所需的公钥id_rsa.pub和私钥id_rsa

$ ssh-keygen 
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/dev/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/home/dev/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/dev/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /home/dev/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:itygXYTmIk+eXEigt/kbsoY7QfXBr6L3ibg4JM2u56s dev@dev
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|.   .            |
|.. . +           |
|. + + +          |
| + * o .         |
|oo* + o S        |
|oBoX * .         |
|o+O B o          |
|=.=+.o.          |
|E%*ooo           |
+----[SHA256]-----+

$ ls ~/.ssh
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub

1.2 公钥id_rsa.pub上传到所需服务器

注意：可以将公钥上传到不同服务器

$ ssh-copy-id pi@192.168.1.100

或者手动复制id_rsa.pub到服务器的~/.ssh目录，并修改名称为 authorized_keys，并设置权限为600。

$ cp id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh
$ cd ~/.ssh
$ mv id_rsa.pub authorized_keys
$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

1.3 结果

• ssh免密登录

$ ssh pi@192.168.1.100

• scp免密传输文件

$ scp test.txt pi@192.168.1.100:~

2. 配置ssh host简化登录

2.1 配置ssh host

$ cd ~/.ssh
$ vi config
$ chmod 600 config

输入内容

Host mylinux
    HostName 192.168.1.100
    port 22
    User pi

注意：如果config权限不是600的话，可能会报错

Bad owner or permissions on /home/dev/.ssh/config

2.2 结果

• ssh登录

$ ssh mylinux

• scp传输文件

$ scp test.txt mylinux:~

---

License

License under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0: 署名-非商业使用-禁止演绎

如需转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/itas109
技术交流：129518033

---

Reference:
NULL