WRF-Hydro lesson6 关于理解模型中spin-up的含义
一、一般含义
1.飞机着陆时,依靠轮子与地面摩擦获得的加速度,使得飞机整体达到一定速度
2.旋转上升,自旋向上
二、模型定义
1.相关含义的原文:
①The difference in initial condition for the modified WeirL expt is due to not spinning up with this parameter, and the lake initially discharged to meet its equilibrium. When an abrupt parameter change is made without proper spinup, these artifacts are possible.
②It is important to keep in mind that there is large uncertainty associated with these parameters.Therefore, model calibration is almost always warranted. Also, because fully-distributed estimates of flow depth (HLINK) are not available for model initialization, it is almost always necessary to use a small initial value of HLINK and let the model come to its own equilibrium (i.e. “spin-up”) after several hours of integration. The necessary time required to spin up the channel network is a direct function ofhow dense and long your channel network is. Larger, more dense networks will take substantially longer to spin up. Estimates of total travel time from the furthest channel element to the basin outline are a reasonable initial approximation of the time it will take to spin up the channel elements.
2.大致意义:
①在调整.nc文件中的WeirL参数后,由于没有进一步地spin-up,于是湖水的初始排泄值没有达到平衡,于是使得调整前后调整后的初始条件不同,这是不对的
②模型初始化没有径流深度完全分配的评估,所以要有较小的初试径流深度,让模型先达到平衡
③根本原因是不同参数之间有着大的不确定性,所以spin-up是必要的;所需的时间取决于流域的大小和复杂程度
三、总结
spin-up应该翻译为“预热期”,是指获得初始条件所需的模拟时长。
为什么初始条件需要模拟?因为变量之间联系复杂,像土壤湿度等很难直接测得,所以需要模拟,把达到平衡后的数值作为估计值。
怎么模拟?设置时间步长,迭代之前的模拟结果,不断restart
预热期的时长一般多久?一般为三年,诸如深层地下水这种变量联系弱的需要更久
怎么判断模拟达到了平衡?记录变量的值,画出是时间变化序列,一开始螺旋上升,后来只随时间变化,即为平衡
为什么这样就算平衡?因为变量受到的影响分为两个:①内部各要素之间的相互影响,他们有一定数量关系,经过一定时间相互作用后平衡;②外部主要是大气条件等条件,太阳辐射的日、年变化(例如斜坡的水土流失量,外部因素有风、降水强度等等;内部则是坡度、土壤质地、植被等等,不考虑突发的外部因素,内部关系是:雨水冲刷,水土流失,土壤堆积,坡度减小,水土流失减少【负反馈调节】)
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