摘要

随着人们对生活环境质量的关注度日益提升，便捷、实时的环境参数检测需求愈发迫切。传统的环境质量检测方式依赖大型设备或人工采样分析，存在操作复杂、响应滞后、难以实现连续监测等问题，难以满足个人及小型场所对环境质量实时掌控的需求。​

基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的无线物联网便携式环境质量检测仪，整合了 DHT11 温湿度传感器、GP2Y10PM2.5 粉尘浓度传感器、SY 声音检测模块、5516 光照检测模块、OLED 显示屏、ESP8266 WiFi 模块，并采用电池供电，实现了环境参数的便携式、自动化监测与无线传输。系统核心功能包括：通过 DHT11 实时检测环境温湿度；借助 GP2Y10PM2.5 传感器监测粉尘浓度；利用 SY 声音检测模块获取环境分贝值；通过 5516 光照检测模块采集光照强度；支持通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示各项测量值；利用 ESP8266 WiFi 模块将检测数据发送至手机端，实现远程查看；采用电池供电，保证设备的便携性，适用于多种场景。​

该系统的实现，有效提升了环境质量检测的便捷性与实时性，满足了个人及小型场所对环境参数的快速掌握需求，为环境质量改善提供了数据支持，同时为同类便携式环境检测设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。

关键词：STM32F103C8T6；无线物联网；便携式；环境质量检测；传感器；WiFi 传输

ABSTRACT

With the increasing attention paid to the quality of living environment, the demand for convenient and real-time environmental parameter detection has become more and more urgent. Traditional environmental quality detection methods rely on large-scale equipment or manual sampling and analysis, which have problems such as complex operation, delayed response, and difficulty in achieving continuous monitoring, making it difficult to meet the needs of individuals and small places for real-time control of environmental quality.​

The STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller-based wireless IoT portable environmental quality detector integrates DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, GP2Y10PM2.5 dust concentration sensor, SY sound detection module, 5516 light detection module, OLED display, ESP8266 WiFi module, and is powered by a battery, realizing portable and automatic monitoring and wireless transmission of environmental parameters. The core functions of the system include: real-time detection of environmental temperature and humidity through DHT11; monitoring of dust concentration by GP2Y10PM2.5 sensor; obtaining environmental decibel value by SY sound detection module; collecting light intensity through 5516 light detection module; supporting real-time display of various measured values through OLED display; sending detection data to mobile phone through ESP8266 WiFi module to realize remote viewing; using battery power to ensure the portability of the device, suitable for various scenarios.​

The implementation of this system effectively improves the convenience and real-time performance of environmental quality detection, meets the needs of individuals and small places for quickly mastering environmental parameters, provides data support for environmental quality improvement, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar portable environmental detection equipment, with high practical application value.

Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Wireless IoT; Portable; Environmental quality detection; Sensor; WiFi transmission

目录

第 1 章 绪论

1.1 研究的目的及意义

1.2 国内外发展情况

1.3 本文主要研究内容

第2章 设计思路与方案论证

2.1 主要元器件选择

2.1.1 主控芯片选择

2.1.2 温湿度传感器选择

2.1.3 粉尘浓度传感器选择

2.1.4 声音检测模块选择

2.1.5 光照检测模块选择

2.1.6 显示模块选择

2.1.7 WiFi 模块选择

2.2整体设计方案

第 3 章 硬件设计

3.1 主控电路模块

3.2 温湿度传感器电路

3.3 粉尘浓度传感器电路

3.4 声音检测模块电路

3.5 光照检测模块电路

3.6 显示模块电路

3.7 WiFi 模块电路

第4章 系统程序设计

4.1 编程软件介绍

4.2 系统主流程设计

4.3 独立按键

4.4 温湿度检测模块子流程设计

4.5 WiFi模块子流程设计

4.6 PM2.5检测模块子流程设计

4.7 ADC模数转换子流程设计

第 5 章 实物测试

5.1 整体实物测试

5.2 温湿度传感器功能测试

5.3 粉尘浓度传感器功能测试

5.4 声音检测模块功能测试

5.5 光照检测模块功能测试

5.6 WiFi 模块功能测试

5.7 显示与电源功能测试

第 6 章 总结与展望

6.1 总结

6.2 展望

致谢

参考文献

附录

附录一：原理图

附录二：PCB

附录三：主程序