Python爬虫--------------------爬取美食网菜谱

自从学会了Python，感觉自己的白嫖技能又升级了。废话不多说，直接上代码，这里六七万多道菜要全部爬下来得五六个小时，建议使用分布式爬虫Scrapy框架可以提高速度。

import requests
import json
import pymysql
import re
import xlwt
import xlrd
from openpyxl import load_workbook, workbook
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


htmls = []
a=[]
b=[]
cs=[]
d=[]
e=[]
pic=[]
num=0
#---------------------------爬取目标网页-----------
def pa():
    indexs = 0
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36'
    }
    wb = workbook.Workbook()  # 创建Excel对象
    ws = wb.active  # 获取当前正在操作的表对象
    # 往表中写入标题行,以列表形式写入！
    ws.append(['编号','菜名','图片链接', 'url','所需材料','做法步骤','小窍门'])

    for page in range(10,95888):#（95888-10）道菜
        url = f'https://home.meishichina.com/recipe-{page}.html'
        response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
        #print(response.encoding)#打印网页编码格式
        response.encoding='utf-8'#统一改成utf-8
        #htmls.append(response.text)
        soup =BeautifulSoup(response.text,'lxml')#将爬取的网页以字符串的形式传入
        foods = soup.select('.recipe_De_title')#选中class选择器(菜名)
        material = soup.find_all('div',attrs={'class': 'recipeCategory_sub_R'})#（材料）
        step = soup.find_all('div',attrs={'class': 'recipeStep_word'})#做法步骤
        smalldoor = soup.find_all('div',attrs={'class': 'recipeTip'})#做菜小窍门
        picture = soup.select('.recipe_De_imgBox')#菜品照片链接
        for food in foods:
            urls = food.find('a')#查找标签
            name = urls.get_text()#获取标签内文本
            link = urls["href"]#获取链接
            food_material=[]
            str1=''
            str2=''
            indexs = indexs + 1
            #---------------------------获取原料文本
            for mat in material:
                cai = mat.find_all('li')
                for c in cai :
                    food_material.append(c.text.strip().replace('\n',''))
            for s in food_material:
                str1 =str1+s+','
            #----------------------------做菜步骤文本
            for ste in step:
                str2 =str2+ste.text+','
            #----------------------------菜品的图片链接
            for img in picture:
                image =img.find('img')
                img_link = image["src"]


            a.append(name)
            b.append(link)
            cs.append(str1)
            d.append(str2)
            e.append(smalldoor[0].text.strip().replace('\n', '').replace('\r',''))#小窍门
            pic.append(img_link)
            htmls.append({'name':name,'url':link,'food_material':food_material})#传入数组


        print("正在读取第"+str(indexs)+"/95878张网页----"+url)
    for k in range(0, len(a)):  # 按行插入数据到表中
        ws.append([k + 1, a[k],pic[k], b[k], cs[k],d[k],e[k]])
    print(htmls)
    wb.save('F:/Book.xlsx')

#-----------------------------------------
def fen():
    pa()
    print(len(htmls))



if __name__ == '__main__':
    fen()